surgical oncology

Surgery is a primary treatment for cancer, aiding in staging, diagnosing, and curing by removing tumors or cancerous tissue. Surgical oncology focuses on cancer treatment through surgery, often effective for localized cancers. Surgeons remove tumors and surrounding tissue to cure cancer, sometimes in conjunction with chemotherapy and radiotherapy for specific cancer types or stages.

Surgical oncology involves operative treatment for malignant tumors, including tumor removal, affected tissue removal, and reconstruction. It aids in cancer diagnosis, staging, and treatment decision-making, considering factors like cancer type, tumor status, and patient health. Surgery is often combined with radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or hormone therapy for enhanced cancer management and prevention of recurrence.

Surgical oncology treats a range of conditions including:

• Liver
• Stomach
• Thyroid
• Pancreas
• Melanoma
• Esophagus
• Parathyroid
• Breast cancer
• Adrenal Gland
• Rectum and Colon
• Endocrine Cancer
• Soft tissue sarcomas
• Head and neck cancers
• Gastrointestinal cancer
• Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Types 1 and 2
• Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract

• Surgical oncologists manage both simple and complex cancer cases, using their expertise in cancer biology and treatment modalities.
• Procedures include thyroidectomy, Whipple procedure, mastectomy, excision for melanoma, and resection for colorectal cancer.
• Other surgeries involve pancreatic, liver, and lymph node resection, as well as esophagectomy.
• Minimally invasive techniques like stereotactic biopsy and radiofrequency ablation offer quicker recovery.
• Reconstructive surgery restores affected areas post-cancer removal.
• Mohs' surgery, electrosurgery, and cryosurgery effectively remove cancer cells.
• Robotic surgery provides precise, minimally invasive procedures, and Fluorescence Guided Surgery aids in brain tumor removal.

• Diagnostic surgery involves obtaining tissue samples via biopsy to determine if a mass is malignant or benign, utilizing incisional or excisional techniques or extracting cells directly from tumors with a biopsy gun.
• Preventive surgery, also known as prophylactic surgery, aims to remove polyps or precancerous tissues to prevent cancer development, with procedures like mastectomy for breast cancer prevention and removal of ovaries and fallopian tubes for ovarian cancer prevention.
• Staging surgery determines cancer stage by assessing its extent and spread, often conducted before treatment, utilizing techniques like laparoscopy for investigation.
• Curative surgery removes cancer cells and affected tissues, sometimes including organs, often in combination with chemotherapy, and may involve inserting a port and catheter for medication delivery.
• Reconstructive surgery restores body parts post-surgery, commonly utilized in head and neck cancer cases, employing techniques like microvascular surgery for tissue reconstruction.
• Palliative surgery relieves symptoms in advanced cancer stages, focusing on alleviating pain and improving quality of life without tumor removal.

There are many options when it comes to hospitals. One must know that the best treatment is what one deserves. One must choose the best hospital with the best equipment. Some of these hospitals are:

• Aster Medcity, Kochi
• HCG Manavata, Nashik
• Kokilaben Ambani Hospital
• Fortis BG Road, Bengaluru
• Fortis Hospital, Vadapalani
• Fortis C-DOC, Chirag Enclave
• Manipal Hospital, Whitefield
• Fortis La Femme, Greater Kailash
• Manipal Hospital, Old Airport Road
• BKL Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi
• Fortis Escorts Heart Institute, Okhla Road